% CST8207 Week 08 Notes -- modes, permissions, chmod, umask, compression, gzip, tar, diff, log files, processes % Ian! D. Allen -- -- [www.idallen.com] % Winter 2017 - January to April 2017 - Updated 2017-11-30 01:58 EST - [Course Home Page] - [Course Outline] - [All Weeks] - [Plain Text] Readings, Assignments, Labs, Tests, and ToDo ============================================ Read (at least) these things (All The Words) -------------------------------------------- 1. [Week 08 Notes HTML] -- this file -- **Read All The Words** 2. [Unix Modes and Permissions, whoami, id, groups, ls -l, chmod] 3. [Permissions masking with umask, chmod, 777 octal permissions] 4. [Useful programs: gzip - compression, tar - file archiving, diff - comparison] 5. [Unix/Linux system logging, log files, kernel messages] 6. [Unix/Linux Processes, Jobs, background, foreground, kill, killall] 7. [Delayed and Repeated Scheduled Execution - at, cron, and crontab] 8. [List of Commands You Should Know] 9. [Linux and Sysadmin News in the World] 10. [Video Tutorials on Lynda.com] -- tagged by week number - Create your [lynda.com] account and watch these sections of [Unix for Mac OS X Users] - these videos are for *all* Unix/Linux students, not just Mac OSX users - **4. Ownership and Permissions 34m 58s** - Who am I? 4m 3s - `whoami` - Unix groups 1m 52s - `groups` - File and directory ownership 6m 41s - `ls -la` - you do not have permission to use `chown`, `sudo`, or `su` on the CLS - File and directory permissions 4m 27s - `rwx` notation - Setting permissions using alpha notation 6m 49s - `chmod ugo+rwx` ... etc. - Setting permissions using octal notation 3m 49s - `chmod 644` ... etc. Assignments and lab work this week ---------------------------------- Check the due date for each assignment and put a reminder in your agenda, calendar, and digital assistant. Just like in the Real World, not all due dates are on the same days or at the same times. - Review last week. Did you do everything assigned last week? - [Assignment #07 HTML] is about start-up files, environment, search PATH, quoting, hard and soft links, disk usage - Do [Worksheet #08 HTML] and then do [Assignment #08 HTML] -- setting permissions, mode, `umask` - This assignment requires [Permissions][Unix Modes and Permissions, whoami, id, groups, ls -l, chmod] and [Umask][Permissions masking with umask, chmod, 777 octal permissions] - Do Bonus (optional) [Assignment #06 HTML] about Midterm #1 - There is a checking program available to check your file format for this bonus assignment, but only people who Read All These Words will know about it. Wrong format means no marks. *Do not redirect the output of this checking program!* - Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] and optionally do the bonus [Assignment #04 HTML]. - **Reminder:** You must actually use the VIM editor during the term to get full marks for this bonus assignment. Read All The Words. Worksheets ---------- Worksheets are preparation for your assignments. You can't do the assignments without having done the worksheets first, and you can't do the worksheets without having first read the Course Notes: 1. Read the web notes. (Please: **Read All The Words**) 2. Do the relevant Worksheet(s). 3. Do the relevant Assignment(s). Form a small study group to do the worksheets. Each person tries the example given, and you make sure you all get the same answers. Worksheets are not for hand-in; they are not worth marks; the assignments test your knowledge of the lectures and worksheets. > The worksheets are available in four formats: Open Office (ODT), PDF, HTML, > and Text. Only the Open Office format allows you "fill in the blanks" in > the worksheet. The PDF format looks good but doesn't allow you to type into > the blanks in the worksheet. The HTML format is crude but useful for quick > for viewing online. Do **NOT** open the Worksheet ODT files using any Microsoft products; they will mangle the format and mis-number the questions. Use the free Libre Office or Open Office programs to open these ODT documents. On campus, you can [download Libre Office here]. - [Worksheet #04 ODT] -- shell GLOB patterns and Aliases - [Worksheet #04 PDF] - [Worksheet #04 HTML] - shell GLOB patterns (wildcards), Aliases: `alias, sum, unalias` - [Worksheet #05 ODT] -- shell I/O redirection (including pipes) - [Worksheet #05 PDF] - [Worksheet #05 HTML] - shell I/O redirection, `date, head, nl, tail, tr, wc` - [Worksheet #06 HTML] -- *Optional* Bonus VIM Text Editor Practice - This is an *optional* worksheet for a BONUS assignment using `vim` - Optional command-line VIM tutorial: the `vimtutor` program on the CLS. - Bonus (optional) [Assignment #04 HTML] -- the VIM text editor - Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] - [Worksheet #08 ODT] -- Linux file system permissions (modes) - This Worksheet is a prerequisite for [Assignment #08 HTML] - [Worksheet #08 PDF] -- PDF version - [Worksheet #08 HTML] -- HTML version - `chmod, ls -lid, umask` Worksheets prepare you for the upcoming assignments. Upcoming tests and exams ------------------------ This course has two midterm tests and one final exam. - Put these dates below into your phone! - Read the [Test Instructions] (all the words) before your tests and exam. - Use the **Name Game** link (in the [Test Instructions]) to test the spelling of your name before the test. - I don't answer questions about the instructions during the test. Ask me in a lab period before the test. ### Second Midterm test -- 10am March 17 -- 15% Your Second Midterm test is 45 minutes long and contains approximately 45 multiple-choice questions similar to those found in the two preceding [Practice Tests and Answers]. Do *both* practice tests before the Second Midterm test! - Time: 10h00-10h45 (10am to 10:45am) Friday March 17 (Week 9) - Location: C346 (the usual lecture classroom) - General seating; sit anywhere. - 45 minutes for 45 questions - Do *both* the practice tests before the Midterm test! *Midterm tests take place at 10am in your 50-minute lecture class, not in your lab period.* ### The Final Exam -- 8am April 28 -- 40% The Final Exam is three hours long and contains approximately 180 multiple-choice questions similar to those found in the three preceding [Practice Tests and Answers]. Do *all three* practice tests before the Final Exam! - Time: 08h00-11h00 (8am to 11am) Friday April 28 (Week 15) - Location: CA-105 A,B,C (across the Woodroffe pedestrian overpass) - This exam has **assigned seating** -- see your email for your assigned seat. - 180 minutes (three hours) for 180 questions - Do *all three* practice tests before the Final Exam! - Three Hours! Take a bathroom break before you start the exam! All three practice tests will be posted under [Practice Tests and Answers]. The Final Exam is comprehensive of the whole course; you need to do *all three* practice tests for the Final Exam. Notes from the Classroom ======================== - **Take notes in class!** Keep a pad open on your desk. - Regarding [Assignment #08 HTML]: - You have three weeks to do this assignment. - Material in this assignment is **NOT** on the upcoming second midterm test. - Do not spend time doing this assignment (3%) at the expense of studying for your upcoming second midterm test (15%)! Commands Used ------------- - Keep a notebook with a [List of Commands][List of Commands You Should Know] in it. - You need to write down yourself what each command *does*. - Check the updated list of commands each week. - Bring your notes to class! Stop wasting time looking up commands. - I will check for this list in your lab periods. - Are you making notes from the worksheets on how each command works? - What do the options used in the worksheets mean, for each command? - Don't copy and use options that you don't understand! - Creating symbolic links with `ln -s`: The first pathname argument is the **TARGET** of the symlink; it is not relative to or affected by your current directory; it's just a piece of text. Any one of the `ln` commands below would create exactly the same symlink `bar -> foo` in the `d` directory: - `$ mkdir -p a/b/c/d ; date >a/b/c/d/foo` - 1. `$ ln -s foo a/b/c/d/bar` - 2. `$ cd a ; ln -s foo b/c/d/bar` - 3. `$ cd a/b ; ln -s foo c/d/bar` - 4. `$ cd a/b/c ; ln -s foo d/bar` - 5. `$ cd a/b/c/d ; ln -s foo bar` The first pathname argument is the **TARGET** of the symlink; it doesn't change when you change directories. The second pathname argument is where you want to create the symlink, and of course if it is a relative pathname then it changes depending on your current directory. - Three useful options to the `wc` command (often used in tests): - `wc -l` - `wc -w` (Needed for your second midterm test.) - `wc -c` - Know (for the assignment) the three commands that are [directory operations] that manipulate file names; they don't touch the file data and don't need any permissions on the file data. - The `diff` command compares two files: `diff file1 file2` - - - See Also: `vimdiff` and `gvimdiff` - For systems running an X Windows GUI, see also `meld` Fifteen minute rule: don't waste your time ========================================== See the [Course Introduction: fifteen minute rule] Tutoring ======== Many students find that hiring a personal tutor helps them get through the first term. Financial assistance is available. See the **Tutoring** heading in the [Course Introduction]. ![Take Notes in Class] -- | Ian! D. Allen, BA, MMath - idallen@idallen.ca - Ottawa, Ontario, Canada | Home Page: http://idallen.com/ Contact Improv: http://contactimprov.ca/ | College professor (Free/Libre GNU+Linux) at: http://teaching.idallen.com/ | Defend digital freedom: http://eff.org/ and have fun: http://fools.ca/ [Plain Text] - plain text version of this page in [Pandoc Markdown] format [www.idallen.com]: http://www.idallen.com/ [Course Home Page]: .. [Course Outline]: course_outline.pdf [All Weeks]: indexcgi.cgi [Plain Text]: week08notes.txt [Week 08 Notes HTML]: week08notes.html [Unix Modes and Permissions, whoami, id, groups, ls -l, chmod]: 500_permissions.html [Permissions masking with umask, chmod, 777 octal permissions]: 510_umask.html [Useful programs: gzip - compression, tar - file archiving, diff - comparison]: 525_tar_gzip_diff.html [Unix/Linux system logging, log files, kernel messages]: 580_system_log_files.html [Unix/Linux Processes, Jobs, background, foreground, kill, killall]: 600_processes_and_jobs.html [Delayed and Repeated Scheduled Execution - at, cron, and crontab]: 630_crontab_at_job_scheduler.html [List of Commands You Should Know]: 900_unix_command_list.html [Linux and Sysadmin News in the World]: 950_linux_world.html [Video Tutorials on Lynda.com]: 910_lynda_index.html [lynda.com]: http://algonquincollege.com/onlineresources/mobileStudent/lynda.htm [Unix for Mac OS X Users]: http://www.lynda.com/Mac-OS-X-10-6-tutorials/Unix-for-Mac-OS-X-Users/78546-2.html [Assignment #07 HTML]: assignment07.html [Worksheet #08 HTML]: worksheet08.html [Assignment #08 HTML]: assignment08.html [Assignment #06 HTML]: assignment06.html [The VI (VIM) Text Editor]: 300_vi_text_editor.html [Assignment #04 HTML]: assignment04.html [download Libre Office here]: 050_course_introduction.html#install-libreoffice-or-openoffice-into-windows [Worksheet #04 ODT]: worksheet04.odt [Worksheet #04 PDF]: worksheet04.pdf [Worksheet #04 HTML]: worksheet04.html [Worksheet #05 ODT]: worksheet05.odt [Worksheet #05 PDF]: worksheet05.pdf [Worksheet #05 HTML]: worksheet05.html [Worksheet #06 HTML]: worksheet06.html [Worksheet #08 ODT]: worksheet08.odt [Worksheet #08 PDF]: worksheet08.pdf [Test Instructions]: 000_test_instructions.html [Practice Tests and Answers]: PRACTICE_TEST_README.html [directory operations]: 455_links_and_inodes.html [Course Introduction: fifteen minute rule]: 050_course_introduction.html#fifteen-minute-rule-dont-waste-your-time [Course Introduction]: 050_course_introduction.html [Take Notes in Class]: data/remember.jpg "Take Notes in Class" [Pandoc Markdown]: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/