1. Operating Systems Course #: DAT2330 Professor: Harold Smith B312a - ext 5249 smithh@algonquincollege.com www.algonquincollege.com/~smithh 2. ACHTUNG! 3. Win 95/98 demand? a. - >100M copies sold so far, >80% of PC market, and share growing (PCMag) b. -Integrating and maintaining 32-bit OS's "top concern" -survey of 200 IT mgrs at Fortune 1,000 companies. (Datamation) 4. Win 98 a. Improvements over Win 95 i. improved administration tools ii. support for new hardware iii. more efficient file system iv. automated updates via Web browser v. Win Scripting Host (VBS, JS) vi. integrated IE, Active Desktop interface b. 9 out of 10 (home) users satisfied c. But... 5. Win 98?? a. Improvements warrant a further look',but... i. Don't get suckered in. Not everyone should endure the pain and expense of upgrading. You may be much better off with WinNT, Win95 -- even Windows 3.1' (ZDNet) ii. Active Desktop will mean extensive training iii. Windows Update: one of the most compelling features of Win98 -one of the least suited for corporate use: (PCWeek) b. Win2000! 6. UNIX Demand? a. Internet! b. Inet, WWW, TCP/IP, all Unix-based c. >60% of Inet servers are Unix today d. >80% of Inet firewalls are Unix e. 1.5 jobs for every available consultant @ $40-60/hr -SVN f. Linux Interest! 7. MVS Demand? a. "85% of existing mainframe apps will stay right where they are to take advantage of mainframe security, performance, and reliability" (Gartner Group) b. The mainframe is a natural for e-commerce because that's where the data typically resides. (Datamation) c. RevCan, Statcan, CSIS, Bank of Can etc. are MVS shops 8. No signs of extinction Shipments of System/390 growing steadily since 1994 9. What is an Operating System? a. 'Software intended to aid in the preparation and execution of application programs' 10. OS Evolution - 1 Users -> Application Program -> *** OS *** -> Hardware 11. OS Components a. Boot Facility (IPL) b. Shell (Command Processor, GUI, JCL) c. Task Management d. Memory Management (Virtual Memory) e. I/O Ctrl System (Data Mgmt, Device Drivers) f. Security System g. Networking Facilities h. Utilities (System Tools, Text Editor etc.) i. HELP facilities 12. OS Terms a. Kernel (nucleus) - that portion of the OS that is running at all times. b. Batch vs Interactive Processing -periodic transaction processing vs as occurring' c. Spooling - printer management d. Batch Files (macros, WSH, shell scripts, "procs") e. Multitasking vs Multiprogramming 13. OS Selection Criteria a. Performance (Throughput vs Response Time) b. Availability (Reliability, Serviceability) c. Manageability, Scalability d. AP's/SDK's available (Watch for Vapourware) e. User Friendliness i. Ease of learning vs Ease of use ii. Tailorability f. Security g. Cost (SW, HW, install, support) 14. Major OS's a. DOS/Win 3.1 - Win95/98 b. Win/NT - Win2000 c. UNIX (Ultrix, AIX, Solaris, HP-UX, Linux) d. MVS - OS/390 e. Open VMS (VAX/VMS) f. VM/XA, VSE g. OS/2 h. MacOS 15. DOS/Windows a. DOS (81-128K XT) + Win3.1(90)->Win95->Win98 b. Strengths i. AP's available (Installed base) ii. GUI, Multitasking c. Weaknesses i. single user ii. Task/memory mgmt problems iii. stability, security iv. GUI! 16. WinNT a. Arch i. 32 bit, UNIX-like, 12MB for OS ii. Intended for high-end wkstns and servers b. Strengths i. 32 bit performance, 3D graphics support ii. Networking (NT server) iii. Secure Inet access iv. Win95 GUI (in 4.0) c. Weaknesses i. lack of RASSIM (vs UNIX) ii. Reliability, Availability, Serviceability, Scalability, Integrity, Manageability iii. http://www.datamation.com/servr/AUNIXServer.html iv. GUI 17. UNIX a. Arch - designed for MT program devel't, kernel/shell b. Strengths i. Cross vendor support ("Open Arch") ii. Efficient, elegant' kernel, MT iii. File System iv. Powerful cmd interface c. Weaknesses i. Open Arch! (incompatible versions) ii. Cryptic cmd interface (GUI to solve) iii. Lack of RASSIM' 18. MVS a. Arch - Multiple Virtual Storages, VIO, JES b. Strengths i. batch job scheduling and control ii. big' (eg 16TB per address space) iii. security (RACF), availability (99.9999%) iv. system management facilities c. Weaknesses i. interactive facilities added later (non GUI) ii. complexity (?), JCL interface 19. The OS of the Future a. Mainframes i. will be with us for the foreseeable future due to... (a) size of investment ('legacy applications') (b) RASSIM' needs of 'mission critical apps' ii. MVS/UNIX, OS/390 b. Servers i. Netware vs WinNT vs OS/390 vs OS/2 ii. UNIX (std version? POSIX? Linux?) c. Desktop i. Win95/8 vs WinNT/2000 vs UNIX (MacOS, OS/2?) ii. NC - WinCE? W2KTrmServs? JavaOS? TalOS? Rhapsody? (1) Linux! 20. Graph showing Automation: a. Back office up to 1980 b. Front office through 2000 c. Customers/Consumers now (Network Computer) 21. Blank Slide 22. Client Server Computing - title slide 23. Fishing - Give me a fish vs. Teach me to fish 24. Tip of the Day a. The Multiple Sclerosis Society recently used this line in an ad slogan: i. "MS: It's not a software company" b. Some might find this confusing, but seasoned IT professionals will have no trouble telling the two MS's apart: i. One is a debilitating and surprisingly widespread affliction that renders the sufferer barely able to perform the simplest task. ii. The other is a disease. 25. Lab Facilities a. Lab sessions i. For help only - not enough time for lab work b. Open labs i. C340, B384/5 - open 24 hrs ii. Other labs in B-block, Link (1) when no classes -24 hr availability iii. Business homework only -Send violators to C102 c. Limitatons of school system i. Not all tools available (eg Briefcase, Sysmon) (1) Can install from CD-ROM (see me) ii. Must reset machine before logout 26. Lab Facilities (cont'd) a. Home machine i. Win95, E-mail/WWW, UNIX via telnet ii. Purchase advice? see me b. Problems? i. Professor - course related problems ii. HW/SW problems: (1) Monitors /Log books/ B371 (2) www.algonquinc.on.ca/intech/help (3) call: 727- 4723, x. 5299. (4) Computer store 27. A Word to Would-be Hackers a. no longer rewarded, or treated lightly b. criminal code now provides penalties (up to 10 yrs) not only for altering or destroying data, but also for using computer resources 'fraudulently and without colour of right'. c. 'loopholes in the system' are not an excuse d. Monitoring tools have become quite sophisticated 28. Hints for Success a. Read objective, tutorial before class b. Attend class - Win95/MVS vital, UNIX -SS? i. watch web page c.Do homework!! - tutorial, practice, labs d. Fish! - text, HELP, Resource Ctr, Inet i. 30 min max of beating head against wall!' e. Consult - E-mail (with documentation!), lab, office f. Beware of rumours' g. Backup often! 29. Blank slide 30. Why Linux? a. NASA using for new space station b. MS mentions Linux as only OS named when explaining competition