[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "hello %16s there" 
hello                  there[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "hello %16s there" astring
hello          astring there[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "hello %1s there" astring
hello astring there[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "\a"
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ print "newline\n\nanother line"
-bash: print: command not found
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "newline\n\nanother line"
newline

another line[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "newline\n\nanother line\n"
newline

another line
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a string %5.4s:::\n" a
a string     a:::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a string %-5.4s:::\n" a
a string a    :::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a string %-5.4s:::\n" aaaaaaaaaa
a string aaaa :::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %f::::\n" 56
a number 56.000000::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %.2f::::\n" 56
a number 56.00::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %20.2f::::\n" 56
a number                56.00::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %-20.2f::::\n" 56
a number 56.00               ::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %-+20.2f::::\n" 56
a number +56.00              ::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %-+20.2f::::\n" -56
a number -56.00              ::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %- 20.2f::::\n" -56
a number -56.00              ::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "a number %- 20.2f::::\n" 56
a number  56.00              ::::
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "hello %s, your number is %d\n" wenjuan 33
hello wenjuan, your number is 33
[wen99999@centOS65 ~]$ printf "hello %s, your number is %d\n" wenjuan 33as
-bash: printf: 33as: invalid number
hello wenjuan, your number is 33