% CST8207 Week 07 Notes -- Quoting, File System, Inodes, Hard links, Disk Usage, Symbolic Links % Ian! D. Allen -- -- [www.idallen.com] % Winter 2018 - January to April 2018 - Updated 2018-03-11 17:46 EDT - [Course Home Page] - [Course Outline] - [All Weeks] - [Plain Text] Readings, Assignments, Labs, Tests, and ToDo ============================================ Read (at least) these things (All The Words) -------------------------------------------- 1. [Week 07 Notes HTML] -- this file -- **Read All The Words** 2. [Quoting] -- hiding characters from the shell 3. [File System] -- directories, index nodes (inodes), hard links 4. [Hard links] -- hard links, file system index nodes (inodes) 5. [Disk Usage] -- Hard Links, Quotas, Finding Inodes 6. [Symbolic Links] -- soft links work on directories and across file systems 7. [Permissions] -- permissions, modes, whoami, id, groups, ls -l, chmod 8. [List of Commands] -- Command names you should know, listed by week 9. [Video Tutorials on Lynda.com] -- tagged by week number 10. [Linux and Sysadmin News in the World] - Create your [lynda.com] account and watch these sections of [Unix for Mac OS X Users] - these videos are for *all* Unix/Linux students, not just Mac OSX users - **3. Working with Files and Directories** - Naming files 5m 41s - use quotes to surround names with blanks or special characters - Hard links 5m 30s - Symbolic links 6m 36s - **5. Commands and Programs** - Disk information commands 6m 8s - df, du, Assignments this week --------------------- Check the due date for each assignment and put a reminder in your agenda, calendar, and digital assistant. Just like in the Real World, not all due dates are on the same days or at the same times. - Review last week. Did you do everything assigned last week? - Read All The Words, Do, and then Submit via Blackboard: - [Assignment #05 HTML] -- using GLOB wildcard patterns, selecting files using GLOB, redirection and pipes. This assignment requires reading [Shell GLOB patterns] and [Shell I/O Redirection] and then doing [Worksheet #04 HTML] and [Worksheet #05 HTML]. - [Assignment #07 HTML] -- start-up files, environment, search PATH, quoting This assignment requires reading the weekly readings first. - OPTIONAL: Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] and optionally do the bonus [Assignment #04 HTML] for extra credit. - Really do **Read All The Words**. You don't get a second chance to get it right. - OPTIONAL: Do Bonus [Assignment #06 HTML] about Midterm #1 - There is a checking program available to check your file format for this bonus assignment, but only people who Read All These Words will know about it. Wrong file format means no marks. *Do not redirect or save the output of this checking program!* Lab work this week ------------------ - Complete and save the ODT or PDF versions of [Worksheet #04 HTML] and [Worksheet #05 HTML] so you can do [Assignment #05 HTML] -- GLOB wildcard patterns, finding files using GLOB, redirection and pipes - These worksheets require you to understand [Finding Files], [Shell GLOB patterns] (wildcard pathname matching) and [Shell I/O Redirection] (including Pipes). - [Assignment #05 HTML] -- GLOB wildcard patterns, selecting files using GLOB, redirection and pipes - This assignment requires you to understand the material in the web pages and both Worksheets 4 and 5. - [Assignment #07 HTML] is about start-up files, environment, search PATH, quoting - This assignment will require material that will be covered in lectures this week and next. - [Assignment #08 HTML] is about hard links, symbolic links, and disk usage - This coming assignment requires material not yet fully covered in lectures: [Symbolic Links], [Hard Links], [Disk Usage], - OPTIONAL: Do Bonus [Assignment #06 HTML] about Midterm #1 - There is a checking program available to check your file format for this bonus assignment, but only people who Read All These Words will know about it. Wrong file format means no marks. *Do not redirect or save the output of this checking program!* - OPTIONAL: Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] and optionally do the bonus [Assignment #04 HTML]. Worksheets ---------- Worksheets are preparation for your assignments. You can't do the assignments without having done the worksheets first, and you can't do the worksheets without having first read the Course Notes: 1. Read the web notes. (Please: **Read All The Words**) 2. Do the relevant Worksheet(s). 3. Do the relevant Assignment(s). Make notes from the worksheets on *how each command works*. What do the options used in the worksheets mean, for each command? (See the weekly [List of Commands].) Form a small study group to do the worksheets. Each person tries the example given, and you make sure you all get the same answers. Worksheets are not for hand-in; they are not worth marks; the assignments test your knowledge of the lectures and worksheets. > The worksheets are available in four formats: Open Office (ODT), PDF, HTML, > and Text. Only the Open Office format allows you "fill in the blanks" in > the worksheet. The PDF format looks good but doesn't allow you to type into > the blanks in the worksheet. The HTML format is crude but useful for quick > for viewing online. Do **NOT** open the Worksheet ODT files using any Microsoft products; they will mangle the format and mis-number the questions. Use the free Libre Office or Open Office programs to open these ODT documents. On campus, you can get a copy here: [Course Introduction: Install Libre Office]. Worksheets #04 and #05 require you to have read [Shell GLOB patterns] and [Shell I/O Redirection]: - [Worksheet #04 ODT] -- shell GLOB patterns and Aliases - [Worksheet #04 PDF] - [Worksheet #04 HTML] - shell GLOB patterns (wildcards), Aliases: `alias, sum, unalias` - [Worksheet #05 ODT] -- shell I/O redirection (including pipes) - [Worksheet #05 PDF] - [Worksheet #05 HTML] - shell I/O redirection, `date, head, nl, tail, tr, wc` Worksheet #06 is for the optional VIM Bonus Assignment (extra credit): - [Worksheet #06 HTML] -- *Optional* Bonus VIM Text Editor Practice - This is an *optional* worksheet for a BONUS assignment using `vim` - Optional command-line VIM tutorial: the `vimtutor` program on the CLS. - Bonus (optional) [Assignment #04 HTML] -- the VIM text editor - Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] Worksheet #08 is for the upcoming Assignment 9. - [Worksheet #08 ODT] -- Linux file system permissions (modes) - This Worksheet is a prerequisite for [Assignment #09 HTML] - [Worksheet #08 PDF] -- PDF version - [Worksheet #08 HTML] -- HTML version - `chmod, ls -lid, umask` Worksheets prepare you for the upcoming assignments. Upcoming tests and exams ------------------------ ![Bring your favourite marker to your test] > Note that your upcoming Midterm Test #2 is worth more than five assignments > put together. Don't spend all your time doing an assignment at the expense > of studying the [Practice Tests and Answers] for the Midterm Test. - Put these dates below into your phone! - Read the [Test Instructions] (all the words) before your tests and exam. - Use the [Algonquin Registered Name Game] link in the [Test Instructions] to confirm the spelling of your name before the test. - I don't answer questions about the instructions during the test. Ask me in a lab period before the test. - You must write the test in the lecture class in which you are registered. ### Midterm Test #2 -- Wednesday March 21 -- 15% Your Second Midterm test is 45 minutes long and contains approximately 45 multiple-choice questions similar to those found in the two preceding [Practice Tests and Answers]. Do *both* practice tests before the Second Midterm test! You must write the test in the lecture class in which you are registered. - Time: in your one-hour lecture class on Wednesdayin Week 9 (March 21). - General seating; sit anywhere. - 45 minutes for 45 multiple-choice questions - Do *both* the practice tests before the Midterm test! - The tests and exams are all closed-book, no aids, just like your job interview. You will be given some scrap paper to write on. - For full marks, you must read the [Test Instructions] before the test for important directions on how to enter your name, student number, answers, your lab (not lecture) section number, and the test version code on the question sheet and the mark-sense forms. - There may be more questions on the test than you can answer in the time allowed; answer the ones you know, first. - A set of practice questions and answers for the second midterm test is posted in [Practice Tests and Answers]. - The tests use the semicolon `;` to separate multiple commands on the same line, to save space and paper, e.g. three separate commands can be written on one line like this: `date ; echo "hi" ; ls` - **Do not use semicolons as an interactive human user!** Type each command on its own line with the \[Enter\] key. ### Midterm #2 Topics - The Weekly Notes 1 through 7 inclusive, including the readings. - Weekly web pages (in the notes) up to and including [Symbolic Links]. - Worksheets 2, 3, 4, and 5. - Assignments 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8. - The questions in the first *two* practice tests in [Practice Tests and Answers]. - Does *not* include anything about editors `vim` or `nano`. - Does *not* include anything about the [Course Introduction]. For full marks, you must read and understand the [Test Instructions]. ### Blackboard Quiz #2 - Blackboard has some quizzes taken randomly from the second practice test in [Practice Tests and Answers]. Do both the first and second practice tests and quizzes to prepare for Midterm #2. - The practice test itself is *not* part of your course grade, but these quizzes *are* part of your course grade. - See the **Blackboard Quizzes** section located in [Practice Tests and Answers][1]. ### The Final Exam -- 10:30am April 28 2018 -- 40% Final Exam: Saturday April 28 10h30am (10:30am to 1:30pm; 3 hours -- 40%) in room T102A,B,C. - The Final Exam is three hours long and contains approximately 180 multiple-choice questions similar to those found in the three preceding [Practice Tests and Answers]. - Do *all three* practice tests before the Final Exam! - Three Hours! Take a bathroom break before you start the exam! All three practice tests will be posted under [Practice Tests and Answers]. The Final Exam is comprehensive of the whole course; you need to do *all three* practice tests for the Final Exam. Notes from the Classroom ======================== - **Take notes in class!** Keep a pad open on your desk. - This week, we learn about the Unix/Linux file system. - You will need to learn a text editor. I recommend [The VI (VIM) Text Editor]. Commands Used ------------- > Keep a notebook with a [List of Commands] in it. > > - You need to write down yourself what each command *does*. > - Check the updated list of commands each week. > - I will check for this list in your lab periods. > - Bring your notes to class! Stop wasting time looking up commands. - Are you making notes from the worksheets on how each command works? - What do the options used in the worksheets mean, for each command? - Don't copy and use options that you don't understand! Searching the course notes ========================== I received an email like the text below from a student who was working on a problem for over two hours: > I have spent almost 2 hours on Task 4.6 and I still can't find the 100 > files. \[...\] I think the problem is searching for warez case-insensitive. > I know we learned this before, but I just can't find it in my notes. This is not good use of student time for two reasons: 1. Don't spend more than 15 minutes on a problem! Your time as a student is valuable. See the [Course Introduction: fifteen minute rule] 2. I showed you how to search the course notes for keywords in [Assignment #05 HTML]: - In section [3.2 Searching the course notes on the CLS] - In section [4.5 Searching for text inside files (e.g. course notes)] You have a search tool that will find keywords inside the course notes. Please use it and save yourself time. Tutoring ======== Many students find that hiring a personal tutor helps them get through the first term. Financial assistance is available. See the **Tutoring** heading in the [Course Introduction]. SSH Attacks on the CLS ====================== You are not paranoid if they really are out to get you! See the [Week 03 Notes HTML] for command pipelines to count the SSH attacks on the CLS. Locked out of the CLS ===================== When you are locked out, [follow the directions] in the notes to get your IP address re-enabled. ![Take Notes in Class] -- | Ian! D. Allen, BA, MMath - idallen@idallen.ca - Ottawa, Ontario, Canada | Home Page: http://idallen.com/ Contact Improv: http://contactimprov.ca/ | College professor (Free/Libre GNU+Linux) at: http://teaching.idallen.com/ | Defend digital freedom: http://eff.org/ and have fun: http://fools.ca/ [Plain Text] - plain text version of this page in [Pandoc Markdown] format [www.idallen.com]: http://www.idallen.com/ [Course Home Page]: .. [Course Outline]: course_outline.pdf [All Weeks]: indexcgi.cgi [Plain Text]: week07notes.txt [Week 07 Notes HTML]: week07notes.html [Quoting]: 440_quotes.html [File System]: 450_file_system.html [Hard links]: 455_links_and_inodes.html [Disk Usage]: 457_disk_usage.html [Symbolic Links]: 460_symbolic_links.html [Permissions]: 500_permissions.html [List of Commands]: 900_unix_command_list.html [Video Tutorials on Lynda.com]: 910_lynda_index.html [Linux and Sysadmin News in the World]: 950_linux_world.html [lynda.com]: http://algonquincollege.com/onlineresources/mobileStudent/lynda.htm [Unix for Mac OS X Users]: http://www.lynda.com/Mac-OS-X-10-6-tutorials/Unix-for-Mac-OS-X-Users/78546-2.html [Assignment #05 HTML]: assignment05.html [Shell GLOB patterns]: 190_glob_patterns.html [Shell I/O Redirection]: 200_redirection.html [Worksheet #04 HTML]: worksheet04.html [Worksheet #05 HTML]: worksheet05.html [Assignment #07 HTML]: assignment07.html [The VI (VIM) Text Editor]: 300_vi_text_editor.html [Assignment #04 HTML]: assignment04.html [Assignment #06 HTML]: assignment06.html [Finding Files]: 180_finding_files.html [Assignment #08 HTML]: assignment08.html [Course Introduction: Install Libre Office]: 050_course_introduction.html#install-libreoffice-or-openoffice-into-windows [Worksheet #04 ODT]: worksheet04.odt [Worksheet #04 PDF]: worksheet04.pdf [Worksheet #05 ODT]: worksheet05.odt [Worksheet #05 PDF]: worksheet05.pdf [Worksheet #06 HTML]: worksheet06.html [Worksheet #08 ODT]: worksheet08.odt [Assignment #09 HTML]: assignment09.html [Worksheet #08 PDF]: worksheet08.pdf [Worksheet #08 HTML]: worksheet08.html [Bring your favourite marker to your test]: data/sniff_markers.jpg "Bring your favourite marker to your test" [Practice Tests and Answers]: PRACTICE_TEST_README.html [Test Instructions]: 000_test_instructions.html [Algonquin Registered Name Game]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/~idallen/namegame.cgi [Course Introduction]: 050_course_introduction.html [1]: PRACTICE_TEST_README.html#blackboard-quizzes [Course Introduction: fifteen minute rule]: 050_course_introduction.html#fifteen-minute-rule-dont-waste-your-time [3.2 Searching the course notes on the CLS]: assignment05.html#searching-the-course-notes-on-the-cls [4.5 Searching for text inside files (e.g. course notes)]: assignment05.html#searching-for-text-inside-files-e.g.course-notes [Week 03 Notes HTML]: week03notes.html [follow the directions]: 070_course_linux_server.html#getting-locked-out-of-the-server [Take Notes in Class]: data/remember.jpg "Take Notes in Class" [Pandoc Markdown]: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/