-------------------------
Week 14 Notes for DAT2330
-------------------------
-Ian! D. Allen - idallen@idallen.ca

Review:
     exec <file
     while - while2.sh.txt

*** C Language ****

* C and C++ Program development
- Compiling programs: gcc g++ with -o and -Wall

Readings in RL (Running Linux):
    * "Programming Languages" Chapter 13, p.426
    * "Programming with gcc" Chapter 13, p.427
    * "Quick Overview" Chapter 13, p.428
    * "gcc Features" Chapter 13, p.429
    * "Basic gcc Usage" Chapter 13, p.430
    * "Using Multiple Source Files" Chapter 13, p.432
  
  Compile C Language:  $ gcc -o prog -Wall prog.c
   - option -o sets the name of the output executable file
   - option -Wall turns on compiler warnings
  
  Compile C++ Language:  $ g++ -o prog -Wall prog.c++
   - option -o sets the name of the output executable file
   - option -Wall turns on compiler warnings
   - can use any of these C++ suffixes: .c++ or .cpp or .C (upper-case C)

  See sample C and C++ programs under Notes buttons.

    argv.c.txt     - Display the arguments on the command line (C)
    argv.c++.txt   - Display the arguments on the command line (C++)
    stdxxx.c++.txt - Output on stdout and stderr, prompt and reads from stdin

Makefile readings:
  * RL: "Makefiles" Chapter 13, p.437
  * RL: "Multiple Commands" Chapter 13, p.444

  common Makefile targets: make all, make clean
  xmkmf - a Makefile maker (creates a Makefile for use by "make")

New commands: gcc g++ make

*** SOFTWARE PACKAGING and INSTALLATION

Software packaging readings:
  * RL "Archive and Compression Utilities" p.175
  * RL "Using gzip and bzip2" p.175-178
  * RL "Using tar" p.178-183
  * RL "Using tar with gzip and bzip2" p.183-184

The tar archiver can be used with or without "z" compression option:

  $ tar zcvf archive.tar.gz input_files...
  $ tar ztvf archive.tar.gz
  $ tar zxvf archive.tar.gz

  $ tar  cvf archive.tar    input_files...
  $ tar  tvf archive.tar   
  $ tar  xvf archive.tar   

These two lines are equivalent:

  $ tar zcf foo.tar.gz infile
  $ tar cf foo.tar infile && gzip foo.tar

"whereis bash" - see that man pages are kept compressed in bzip2 format

Compressed files:

  $ gzip foo          # creates foo.gz
  $ gunzip foo.gz     # creates foo

  $ bzip2 foo         # creates foo.bz2
  $ bunzip2 foo.bz2   # creates foo

gzip and bzip2 read standard input and write standard output if no files
are given:

  $ cat foo bar | gzip  >out.gz
  $ cat foo bar | bzip2 >out.bz2

File suffix names:

  .gz   - gzip
  .bz2  - bzip2
  .Z    - compress (an old Unix format)

  The de-compression commands expect the proper suffix on file names.
  The gzip command can de-compress .Z format files.

  .tar     - plain tar archive (no compression)
  .tar.gz  - tar archive compressed with gzip
  .tgz     - same as .tar.gz

  The tar command does not care about the suffix on a file name.
  You can use any name you want.

New commands: tar gzip gunzip bzip2 bunzip2